Mood, on the other hand, refers to a prolonged, less intense, affective state that does not occur in response to something we experience. Emotions are often thought to be consciously experienced and intentional. Typically, the word emotion indicates a subjective, affective state that is relatively intense and that occurs in response to something we experience ( Figure EM.20). The words emotion and mood are sometimes used interchangeably, but psychologists use these words to refer to two different things. The emotional response is comprised of three components: physiological changes, behavioural/expressive changes, and subjective changes (described in more detail in the tricky topic below). Depending on how we appraise the event, we get a different emotional response. This antecedent event prompts our appraisal, which is the step where we try to make sense of the event. Generally, in the emotional process, we have some kind of antecedent event and this triggers the emotion. However, as discussed later in the chapter, the exact order in which the components occur is not clear, and some parts may happen at the same time. Emotions result from the combination of subjective experience, expression, cognitive appraisal, and physiological responses (Levenson, Carstensen, Friesen, & Ekman, 1991). An emotion is a subjective state of being that we often describe as our feelings. Understand the ubiquitous nature of producing and recognizing emotional expressionĪs we move through our daily lives, we experience a variety of emotions.Describe the role that limbic structures play in emotional processing. By the end of this section, you will be able to:
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